Oil burner



Sept. 16 1924. I 1,509,072

J. R. WATTS OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 15, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 16

J. R. WATTS on; BURNER MQN I I I I! ///l! II fill/Ill rlllllllllllllfl/IIIIII bllflllfflrrr Patented Sept. 16, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

' JOHN R. WATTS, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed January 15, 1923. "Serial No. 612,660.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J OHN R. WATTS, O1t1 zen of the United States, residing at Chi cago, in the countyv of Cook and State of 5 Illinois, have invented certain new and use-;

ful Im rovements in an Oil Burner; and I do here y declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it' appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to oil burners of the general class employed for heating boilers or jecting the oil through the nozzle of the burner. My invention also aims to provide means associated with the nozzle forwidening the spray of the combustible mixture after this leaves the nozzle and therebyv concentrating the s ray near the nozzle instead of permitting the pressure to project the spray for an undesirably long distance. For this latter purpose, my invention aims to provide movable means actuated by the flow of the emitted mixture and desirably aims to provide such movable means in the form of ,a vane mounted axially of the nozzle and forwardly of the mouth of the -nozzle proper.

Moreover, myinvention aims to provide a fuel burner construction which willfreadily permit the constituent elements to be taken apart for inspection or, for a possible replacement, and which will readily permit desired adjustments to be made for controlling the density of the spray and the amount of air supplied to the burner. Still further and also more detailed objects will appear from the following specification and from the accompanying drawings, in which- 1 is a side elevation of anoil burner leads to a bore 9 extending coaxial with the embodying my invention, with a portion of the outer casing broken away to show the air space between this and the inner casing or steam chamber.

.2 is a side elevation of the same burner with the outer casing removed and with a portion of the inner casing cut away to show the coiled portion of the oil tube.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the entire oil tube of the burner withdrawn from the said inner casing.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the straight or axial portion of the oil tube and of the nozzle carried by the same.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged end View of the same burner, taken from the left-hand end of Fig. 6 is a correspondingly enlarged lon gitudinal section through the burner taken along the line 66 of Fig. 5.

F ig, 7 is a correspondingly enlarged transverse section through the nozzle, taken along the line 7-7 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a correspondingly enlarged 7 transverse section taken through the burner along the line 88 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a correspondingly enlarged transverse sectiontakenalong the line 99 of Fig. 1.

In accomplishing the purposes of my invention after the-manner of the illustrated embodiment, I provide a pipe. 1 which forms an outer casing freely housing an inner casing 2. This inner casin or steam chamber is also desirably in the i orm of a pipe projecting at both ends beyond the outer casing 1, and is held in position within the outer casing by two groups of set screws 3 and 4,

which set screws not only prevent the inner casing from shifting lengthwise with respect to the outer casing but. also maintain the two casings coaxial so as to provide a suitable air space 5 between the two.

Threaded on the rear end of the inner casing 2 is an elbow casting 6 which is connected at its bottom to a steam supply pipe 7 and which also is connected at its rear end to an oil supply pipe 8. Thisoil supply pipe nozzle (orin alinement with the. common axis of the two casings 1 and 2) and leads to a straight oil duct 10 threadedly connected to the elbow 6 and extending axially oi the casings towards the nozzle of the burner. This straight oil duct 10 is housed for a considerable portion of its length by a return oil pipe 11 having a bore'isomewhafli; larger" than the outside diameter oi? the duct 10 so as to leave a clear space all around-the The return pipe 10 is tlneaidotl at. its forward end into the rear end 12 carried latter.

by the core 13 of the nozzle, the latter being centered with respect to the casing 14 of the nozzle in the manner heneafter described; The return pipe 11 is also supported near therear end of the innercasin insomeisuiia able manner" as for exampie b threaded on the pipe 11 and which is tightly clamped on the inner oi lfidnct- 10=byl aznippih 24. This fitting 16- hasa lateral qoutleWl-Z aitor'ding a connection to the rear end of a coiled pipe 18 which co rlEed pipe ably made of copper and is-rrecurved at its forward end so as toprovi de a retn nnpoi?- tion 19 extending within the coil for the greater portion of the length oi." the latter.

The casing 14: of the nozzle is 'desinab'iy screwed upon the forward end of the innercasing or steam chamber E2 andhas a mouth of'somewhat larger diameter than the tion ward end of the nozzle core 13 so as to leavean annular space tor'theernission of the fluid from the nozzle, the for-wardendS- ing and" axially mounted oil duct .19 through which the oil flows almost-tofthe.

nozzle core. Then the oil returns .alongthe outside of this duct 10, or between the latterandthe bore of the lar er returnpipei1,

vflows through the outlet 17 anlwt-hecoil 1:8

and then back through the-return pipe por tion 19. Meanwhile, steam under pressure is admitted from the steam supply pipe? into the bore of the elbow 6 andfiows through the inner casing 2 and out through the space between the nozzle. core 13 and the nozzle casing 14. In doing so, this steam is mixed with the oil issuing from the rearwardly directed outlet of the oil pipe 19, but this mixing is only efi'ectedi afterthe;oil has flown back and. forth through the inner casing several. times. Owing to this repeated passage of the oil through the casing which is otherwise filled with the live steam, the oil is highly preheated, and particularly soowingto the length of the portion ofthe oii duct which; forms the coil 18 and the fact that this" y set screws: 15 engaging an outlet fitting L6- W-hielr is,

ot-the nozzle; desirably also provide flamespreading at the mouth of the nozzle. For thi am-ihere-showling-121518; nozzle, 13 as having a: threaded; end; his ping 20 carries an-- axle 21: extending "eoa x ialifiii' Witt-i1 the nozzle core" and this axle has;- no} tatahiy nae-elated on it a mei ahle'niemhei comprisinga smileset timeshareswhieh' have reap faces; ohiiq ieatq thegeneral: diheet'ioni which thewfluidfl issues from the nozzles nematodes-ee profitabbeyond the mouth of the nozzle radially o the-axle? so that they arecontinualiy in the path of he muting-hind; and the pressure, ot t lIis-finidw i l l thelifcfre" causethe fan s'ha ped rotatihgmembente; revolve; 1h doihg so, it-inereaeesithe thorough inter mingling of the steam with the oil-*and; also-'spreads-themiiwtnne axially of the -now zle so as to; impart correspondih-g-spread to the flame: of having; the" latter proiected inqg the-fibrin if a reliitively dong: and po inted jet'." I

At the semetime, the flow of thethrough the nozzie produces a; suction around the exterior oi the nozzle easing hencecauses air to flow through: the passage 5 between the iimerand outercasings,;the -,ehy -supp*lying the air needed" forthe As this air fihws. along the outer surface of?" the inner "ca/sing through win i thesteam flowing, the air' is aiso preheated, tlfierhy'incneasing the ficiency of the" burner. ny looseningthe, set screws S and. 4:, 'I can marry, shift the" position otailiofthe other; ,1 Its with re= spectto the enterprising- 1', tausrncreasing or deereasmgthe-distance hetw-een the r01.-

ward emit of the outer' casiingf l' and the rear end? the nozzie, so as to control the? amount of theai-rsuppiy So also, bycfi rst' loosening theset screws)? and 15;, T can shift the position oflthe nozzle core and the partsconnected to the latter with respectto the nozzle casing, so as to coirtroithe flow of steam through the nozzle and to I vary the spread of the hollow. cone in which the nozzle .roperhtendsto project the issued fluid; lime-emerge, hav ng; the various portions thieadedly' connected s here, i a reafiii i eke: desired portions apart" for inspection or" I any parts whichmaywear outin time.

However, while I have illustrated and described my burner in a particular embodiment including certain desirable threaded connections, I do not wish to be limited to these or other details of the construction and arrangement here disclosed. Obviously these might be varied in many ways without departing either from the spirit of my invention or from the appended claims. Neither do I wish to be limited to the use of my rotating flame spreader andof the oil-preheating and mixing portions of my invention in connection with each other, although I have found the combination of the same 'as here presented to be highly effective and have also found that my arrangement affords a desirable preheating of the air while the latter is flowing through the passage 5.

I claim as my invention 1. An oil burner, a steam casing, an oil duct, a return oilpipe spaced from and surrounding the oil duct, a nozzle connected to the steam casing, and a coiled pipe connected to the inner end of the return pipe and surrounding the return pipe and having its opposite end extending inwardly and disposed between the coils of the coiled pipe and the return pipe so as to cause the oil to traverse the steam casing three times and to then effect discharge of the oil at a point intermediate the length of the coils of the coiled pipe.

2. An oil burner comprising a steam chamber having a forwardly directed outlet, an oil duct extending into the steam chamber and opening into the latter, and a nozzle core carried by the oil duct and disposed within the steam outlet toafford an annular nozzle mouth, the oil tube having a pair of portions housing one another to afford a return passage between the two portions.

3. An oil burner as per claim 2, in which the oil duct includes an inner portion extending forwardly into the steam chamber toward the nozzle core, an outer portion freely housing the inner portion and carrying the nozzle core, and an outlet fitting connecting the rear end of the outer portion with the inner portion so as to support the said rear end.

4. An oil burner as per claim 2, in which the oil duct includes an inner portion extending forwardly into the steam chamber toward the nozzle core, an outer portion freely housing the inner portion and carrying the nozzle core, in combination with an outlet fitting supporting the rear end of the outer portion concentric with the innerpor- 5. In an oil burner, a steam casing, an oil duct in the casing, a two-part nozzle, the parts of which are carried by the casing and duct respectively, an outer air casing surrounding the steam casing in spaced relation thereto and having each of its-ends open and having one end disposed adjacent to the outer part of the nozzle so as to cause the air to flow over the outer nozzle part, and two. series of set screws projected through the air casing and impinged at their inner ends against the periphery of the steam casing.

6. In an oil burner, a steam casing, an oil duct in the casing, a two-part nozzle the parts of which are carried by the casing and duct respectively, an outer air casing surrounding the steam casing in spaced relation thereto andhaving each of its ends open and having one end disposed adjacent to the outer part of the nozzle so as to cause the air to flow over the outer nozzle part, and means to connect the air casing to the steam casing in its said spaced relation thereto.

7. An oil burner comprising a nozzle, a steam supply chamber connected to the nozzle for discharging through the latter, and an oil supply duct extending into the steam chamber and opening into the latter; the said duct comprising a forwardly extending pipe, a rearwardly extending pipe housing the aforesaid pipe, and a pipe coil housing portions of both of the aforesaid pipes.

8. In an oil burner, a steam casing, a nozzle at one end of the casing, means to supply fuel to the nozzle, an air casing surrounding the steam casing and having each of its ends open to the surrounding air and having one of its ends disposed adjacent to the nozzle, and means to support the air casing in spaced relation to the steam casing, said air casing extending substantially throughout the length of the steam casing, where-bythe air will be effectively heated in its passage through said space.

9. In an oil burner, a steam casing, an oil pipe therein, a nozzle connected to an end of the steam casing and having an inner member, an oil return pipe spacedly surrounding the oil pipe and connected at its outer end to the inner nozzle member, a coiled pipe surrounding the return pipe, and means to connect the inner end of the coiled pipe to the inner end of the return pipe.

10. In an oil burner, a. steam casing, a nozzle at one end of the casing, an oil feed pipe in the casing, an oil return pipe surrounding 

